AL-Qadisiyah Journal of Veterinary Medicine Sciences

Stomach macroscopical and microscopical investigations of ten adult male wild rabbits collected from AL-Najaf city markets recorded to gives a support for future researches and clinical applications as look upon the biology of the digestive system. After rabbit's preparation the stomach recognized then the shape, position, dimensions and its relations with the other abdominal organs were record. The outer shape of stomach is taken J- like shape. Its lies in the cranial part of the abdominal cavity entirely within the rib cage, mostly to the left of the median plane. It consists of the visceral and parietal surfaces, and greater and lesser curvatures. The mean length of the greater and lesser curvatures were (22.3±0.9 cm) and (4.64±0.9 cm) respectively. Stomach connected with spleen, pancreas and colon by thin mesenteric folds. Internal surface of the stomach consist of two parts, glandular and non-glandular. The first part consists of three regions, the cardiac, fundus, and pyloric regions. The mean length of non-glandular and three glandular regions were (2.3 ± 0.38 cm), (2.28 ± 0.4 cm), (6.38 ± 0.23 cm), and (4.3 ± 0.29 cm) respectively. Non-glandular region covered by stratified squamous epithelium. The cardiac and fundus regions covered by simple columnar epithelium. The pyloric region covered by a low columnar to cuboidal epithelium. Invaginations of the glandular epithelium to forms tubular branched and coiled glands. Smooth muscle of muscularis mucosa two layers, tunica submucosa was loose connective tissue, tunica muscularis showed bundles of smooth muscle fibers arrange into internal circular, and external longitudinal layers which facing externally with loose connective tissue of adventitia..

The histological pattern of the isthmus segment of the oviduct in laying turkey was conducted on five adult and healthy females. Morphometric measurements were obtained for thickness of mucosa, height and thickness of mucosal folds, epithelial height, and thickness of muscular coat. The result revealed that the mucosa consisted of longitudinal, broad folds carried secondary ones. The epithelial lining was pseudostratified columnar comprised two cell types, ciliated and non-ciliated cells. The glands were tubular coiled branched showing secretory activity, tunica muscularis was well developed and consisted of two layers.

The research includes study of histological structure of skin components in upper lip of clinically healthy local black goat with 1-2 years age at one season in mosul region . the results show presence of difference in total thickness of epidermis in both sexes . the highest thickness noticed at vermilion border reach to 330 µm , then followed by the thickness of mucous membrane , while the epidermis of nasolabial plate was the least in thickness in both sexes .The results of the study were showed presence of two types of hair follicles ; simple and tactile in nasolabial plate of both sexes of local black goat , but the tactile hair follicles were the most developed , larger in size and less in number when compared to simple hair follicles. The study reveals presence of different sizes of sebaceous glands which were larger in female than in male . the sweat glands were of apocrine type and have different extentions through the dermis .Both types of glands appeared in nasolabial plate and third type of glands appeared in submucosa of this plate and in mucous membrane which are of serous and mucous secretory units with complete duct system opened within the mouth in both sexes.

Anatomically the liver of native rabbit consist of many lobes , large left lobe divided into two parts, lateral and medial. and signal lobes called right , caudate ,quadrate and papillary lobes.
Histologically the liver surrounded the connective tissue capsule extend into the organ by septa and divides of hexagonal lobules, the lobes contain hepatocyte and sinusoid. The hepatic cell arranged to form cellular cords meet at one center is central vein, this cords contain one cell surrounded by space connect with space of other cell , the hepatic cell is polyhydral cell have one nucleus and sometimes two nuclei with acidophilic cytoplasm while the sinusoid are large blood cell capillaries vessels different for the capillaries of body is have open pors , haven't the basement membrane .The sinosoids have two the types of cells first type are endothelial cell and second called kupffer cell which are large macrophage it part of the defence system of body .Notis the hilus on the visceral surface of liver by the hilus input the liver hepatic artery which provid the liver by oxgen , portal vein and hepatic vein lymph vessel and bile duct.

The present study was conducted on five healthy indigenous male turkeys at the first year of their age and live weight was (4715 ± 43.3 gm) collected from the center of Diwanyia city, our need to have a base line data on the respiratory system of this abundant species of bird in Iraq. It is expected that this work will provide a pivot for future research and subsequent clinical application as regards the biology of the turkey.After birds preparation the trachea dissected out and washing by normal saline solution (0.9% Nacl), then were fixed immediately in 10% formalin, then get ready for routine histological processing.Trachea was lined by respiratory epithelium (ciliated, pseudostratified columnar epithelium) with simple branched tubular mucous glands and goblet cells. Laminapropria-submucosa of the trachea was supported by hyaline cartilages and comprised of loose connective tissue, with large bundles of collagen fibers.

One Hundred eighty fecal samples and (50) bile samples were collected from cattle of different ages and both sexes present in Basrah farms and Slaughterhouse. The results of the bacteriological and serological methods carried out on fecal and bile samples of cows detect Salmonella spp in the fecal samples of 3 cows (1.66% ) and these bacteria were not detected (0%) in bile samples. Concerning the effect of months of study on the rate of Salmonella spp. isolation . The higher rate of isolation was encountered in march (6.66%) followed by February (2.38%), while in other months no Salmonella isolates were observed. Depending on the sex of animals the higher rate of Salmonella isolation was observed in males %)2.06) and it was in females (1.204%) . According to age group the higher rate of Salmonella isolation (%5.9)was observed in the third age group ) followed by the second age group (1 Keywords

Salmonella spp.
---
enterotoxin
---
Bovine
---
الذيفان المعوي ، السالمونيلا ، الابقار